# Apache Server Configs v2.7.1 | MIT License
# https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs-apache
# (!) Using `.htaccess` files slows down Apache, therefore, if you have access
# to the main server config file (usually called `httpd.conf`), you should add
# this logic there: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/howto/htaccess.html.
# ##############################################################################
# # ERRORS #
# ##############################################################################
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# | 404 error prevention |
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Disable the pattern matching based on filenames.
# This setting prevents Apache from returning a 404 error as the result
# of a rewrite when the directory with the same name does not exist.
# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/content-negotiation.html#multiviews
# http://www.webmasterworld.com/apache/3808792.htm
Options -MultiViews
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Custom error messages / pages |
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Customize what Apache returns to the client in case of an error.
# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/core.html#errordocument
ErrorDocument 404 /404.html
# ##############################################################################
# # MEDIA TYPES AND CHARACTER ENCODINGS #
# ##############################################################################
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Media types |
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Serve resources with the proper media types (formerly known as MIME types).
# http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml
<IfModule mod_mime.c>
# Audio
AddType audio/mp4 f4a f4b m4a
AddType audio/ogg oga ogg opus
# Data interchange
AddType application/json json map topojson
AddType application/ld+json jsonld
AddType application/vnd.geo+json geojson
# JavaScript
# Normalize to standard type.
# http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4329#section-7.2
AddType application/javascript js
# Video
AddType video/mp4 f4v f4p m4v mp4
AddType video/ogg ogv
AddType video/webm webm
AddType video/x-flv flv
# Web fonts
AddType application/font-woff woff
AddType application/font-woff2 woff2
AddType application/vnd.ms-fontobject eot
# Browsers usually ignore the font media types and simply sniff
# the bytes to figure out the font type.
# http://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/#matching-a-font-type-pattern
# Chrome however, shows a warning if any other media types are used
# for the following two font types.
AddType application/x-font-ttf ttc ttf
AddType font/opentype otf
AddType image/svg+xml svg svgz
# Other
AddType application/xml atom rdf rss xml
AddType image/webp webp
AddType image/x-icon cur ico
</IfModule>
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Character encodings |
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Set `UTF-8` as the character encoding for all resources served with
# the media type of `text/html` or `text/plain`.
AddDefaultCharset utf-8
# Set `UTF-8` as the character encoding for other certain resources.
<IfModule mod_mime.c>
AddCharset utf-8 .atom .css .js .json .rss .xml
</IfModule>
# ##############################################################################
# # URL REWRITES #
# ##############################################################################
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Rewrite engine |
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# (1) Turn on the rewrite engine
# (this is necessary in order for the `RewriteRule` directives to work).
# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_rewrite.html#RewriteEngine
#
# (2) Some cloud hosting services will also require `RewriteBase` to be set.
# http://www.rackspace.com/knowledge_center/frequently-asked-question/why-is-modrewrite-not-working-on-my-site
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine On
RewriteBase /
</IfModule>
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Suppressing / Forcing the `www.` at the beginning of URLs |
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The same content should never be available under two different URLs,
# especially not with and without `www.` at the beginning. This can cause
# SEO problems (duplicate content), and therefore, you should choose one
# of the alternatives and redirect the other one.
# By default `Option 1` (no `www.`) is activated.
# http://no-www.org/faq.php?q=class_b
# If you would prefer to use `Option 2`, just comment out all the lines
# from `Option 1` and uncomment the ones from `Option 2`.
# IMPORTANT: NEVER USE BOTH RULES AT THE SAME TIME!
# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
# Option 1: rewrite www.example.com → example.com
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www.(.+)$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^ http://%1%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L]
</IfModule>
# ##############################################################################
# # SECURITY #
# ##############################################################################
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# | File access |
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Block access to directories without a default document.
# You should leave the following uncommented, as you shouldn't allow anyone to
# surf through every directory on your server (which may includes rather private
# places such as the CMS's directories).
<IfModule mod_autoindex.c>
Options -Indexes
</IfModule>
# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
# Block access to all hidden files and directories with the exception of the
# visible content from within the `/.well-known/` hidden directory.
# These types of files usually contain user preferences or the preserved state
# of an utility, and can include rather private places like, for example, the
# `.git` or `.svn` directories.
# The `/.well-known/` directory represents the standard (RFC 5785) path prefix
# for "well-known locations" (e.g.: `/.well-known/manifest.json`,
# `/.well-known/keybase.txt`), and therefore, access to its visible content
# should not be blocked.
# https://www.mnot.net/blog/2010/04/07/well-known
# http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5785
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} "!(^|/).well-known/([^./]+./?)+$" [NC]
RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} -d [OR]
RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} -f
RewriteRule "(^|/)." - [F]
</IfModule>
# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
# Block access to files that can expose sensitive information.
# By default, block access to backup and source files that may be left by some
# text editors and can pose a security risk when anyone has access to them.
# http://feross.org/cmsploit/
# IMPORTANT: Update the `<FilesMatch>` regular expression from below to include
# any files that might end up on your production server and can expose sensitive
# information about your website. These files may include: configuration files,
# files that contain metadata about the project (e.g.: project dependencies),
# build scripts, etc..
<FilesMatch "(^#.*#|.(bak|conf|dist|fla|in[ci]|log|psd|sh|sql|sw[op])|~)$">
# Apache < 2.3
<IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
Order allow,deny
Deny from all
Satisfy All
</IfModule>
# Apache ≥ 2.3
<IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
Require all denied
</IfModule>
</FilesMatch>
# ##############################################################################
# # WEB PERFORMANCE #
# ##############################################################################
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Compression |
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<IfModule mod_deflate.c>
# Force compression for mangled headers.
# https://developer.yahoo.com/blogs/ydn/pushing-beyond-gzipping-25601.html
<IfModule mod_setenvif.c>
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
SetEnvIfNoCase ^(Accept-EncodXng|X-cept-Encoding|X{15}|~{15}|-{15})$ ^((gzip|deflate)s*,?s*)+|[X~-]{4,13}$ HAVE_Accept-Encoding
RequestHeader append Accept-Encoding "gzip,deflate" env=HAVE_Accept-Encoding
</IfModule>
</IfModule>
# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
# Mark certain resources as been compressed in order to:
#
# 1) prevent Apache from recompressing them
# 2) ensure that they are served with the correct
# `Content-Encoding` HTTP response header
<IfModule mod_mime.c>
AddEncoding gzip svgz
</IfModule>
# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
# Compress all output labeled with one of the following media types.
# IMPORTANT: For Apache versions below 2.3.7 you don't need to enable
# `mod_filter` and can remove the `<IfModule mod_filter.c>` & `</IfModule>`
# lines as `AddOutputFilterByType` is still in the core directives.
<IfModule mod_filter.c>
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE "application/atom+xml"
"application/javascript"
"application/json"
"application/ld+json"
"application/manifest+json"
"application/rss+xml"
"application/vnd.geo+json"
"application/vnd.ms-fontobject"
"application/x-font-ttf"
"application/x-web-app-manifest+json"
"application/xhtml+xml"
"application/xml"
"font/opentype"
"image/svg+xml"
"image/x-icon"
"text/cache-manifest"
"text/css"
"text/html"
"text/plain"
"text/vtt"
"text/x-component"
"text/xml"
</IfModule>
</IfModule>
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Content transformation |
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Prevent mobile network providers from modifying the website's content.
# http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec14.html#sec14.9.5.
# <IfModule mod_headers.c>
# Header merge Cache-Control "no-transform"
# </IfModule>
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# | ETags |
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Remove `ETags` as resources are sent with far-future expires headers.
# https://developer.yahoo.com/performance/rules.html#etags
# `FileETag None` doesn't work in all cases.
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header unset ETag
</IfModule>
FileETag None
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Expires headers |
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Serve resources with far-future expires headers.
# IMPORTANT: If you don't control versioning with filename-based cache
# busting, consider lowering the cache times to something like one week.
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
# ExpiresActive on
# ExpiresDefault "access plus 1 month"
#
# # CSS
# ExpiresByType text/css "access plus 1 year"
#
# # Data interchange
# ExpiresByType application/json "access plus 0 seconds"
# ExpiresByType application/ld+json "access plus 0 seconds"
# ExpiresByType application/vnd.geo+json "access plus 0 seconds"
# ExpiresByType application/xml "access plus 0 seconds"
# ExpiresByType text/xml "access plus 0 seconds"
#
# # Favicon (cannot be renamed!) and cursor images
# ExpiresByType image/x-icon "access plus 1 week"
#
# # HTML components (HTCs)
# ExpiresByType text/x-component "access plus 1 month"
#
# # HTML
# ExpiresByType text/html "access plus 0 seconds"
#
# # JavaScript
# ExpiresByType application/javascript "access plus 1 year"
#
# # Manifest files
# ExpiresByType application/manifest+json "access plus 1 year"
# ExpiresByType application/x-web-app-manifest+json "access plus 0 seconds"
# ExpiresByType text/cache-manifest "access plus 0 seconds"
#
# # Media
# ExpiresByType audio/ogg "access plus 1 month"
# ExpiresByType image/gif "access plus 1 month"
# ExpiresByType image/jpeg "access plus 1 month"
# ExpiresByType image/png "access plus 1 month"
# ExpiresByType video/mp4 "access plus 1 month"
# ExpiresByType video/ogg "access plus 1 month"
# ExpiresByType video/webm "access plus 1 month"
#
# # Web feeds
# ExpiresByType application/atom+xml "access plus 1 hour"
# ExpiresByType application/rss+xml "access plus 1 hour"
#
# # Web fonts
# ExpiresByType application/font-woff "access plus 1 month"
# ExpiresByType application/font-woff2 "access plus 1 month"
# ExpiresByType application/vnd.ms-fontobject "access plus 1 month"
# ExpiresByType application/x-font-ttf "access plus 1 month"
# ExpiresByType font/opentype "access plus 1 month"
# ExpiresByType image/svg+xml "access plus 1 month"
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header append Cache-Control "public"
</IfModule>
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Filename-based cache busting |
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# If you're not using a build process to manage your filename version revving,
# you might want to consider enabling the following directives to route all
# requests such as `/css/style.12345.css` to `/css/style.css`.
# To understand why this is important and a better idea than `*.css?v231`, read:
# http://www.stevesouders.com/blog/2008/08/23/revving-filenames-dont-use-querystring/
# <IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
# RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
# RewriteRule ^(.+).(d+).(css|cur|gif|ico|jpe?g|js|png|svgz?|webp)$ $1.$3 [L]
# </IfModule>
